Perspectives of healthcare professionals on caring for transgender adolescents: A qualitative study

Abstract

The article examines conflicts, enabling factors, and barriers in the provision of care for transgender adolescents in specialized outpatient clinics, based on the experiences of 14 healthcare professionals. Using a qualitative design with semi-structured interviews, the analysis identified five thematic classes: 1) care dynamics and family involvement; 2) social impacts and violence against transgender people; 3) challenges in gender-affirming hormone-related processes; 4) gender and identity issues; and 5) specialized professional training. The findings highlight: 1) the complexity of caring for transgender adolescents, particularly concerning rights, confidentiality, and family support; 2) the impact of cisnormativity on care experiences, which may generate either distress or support depending on professional attitudes; 3) concerns about the safe use of hormones and the importance of specialized follow-up; 4) professionals’ recognition of gender diversity terminology and lived experiences, reflecting respect and sensitivity; and 5) significant gaps in undergraduate health education and limited academic debate on transgender health. The study concludes that there is an urgent need to strengthen public policies and professional practices that ensure comprehensive, empathetic, and inclusive care for transgender adolescents. Valuing their identities and investing in continuous professional education are essential steps toward building a more equitable and genuinely welcoming health system.